西方现代语言观在二十世纪上半叶的发展 ——从语言哲学的视角

西方现代语言观在二十世纪上半叶的发展 ——从语言哲学的视角

论文摘要

人类对语言的兴趣始终没有停止过,对语言的认识也因之处于持续不断的发展当中。但只有到了二十世纪,在以罗素、维特根斯坦等为主要代表的哲学家们的推动下,人类才开始从自然科学的视角和哲学的高度对语言的本质、属性、起源和功能进行深入的探索。而这实际上又是哲学的语言学转向,即用语言哲学来解决和解释哲学原本无法解决的问题。同时,以索绪尔和乔姆斯基等人为代表的现代语言学家们对语言的关注也达到了前所未有的程度。在一定的意义上可以说20世纪的西方哲学是语言哲学的天下。本文从语言哲学的视角,运用共时分析和历时分析相结合的方法,研究现代语言观在20世纪上半叶的发展过程,其主要代表人物及其语言观的重要意义和影响。论文共分为五个部分:第一部分为绪论,简要介绍论文的研究背景、研究意义和文章结构;第二部分为文献综述,对国内外关于20世纪语言观及20世纪之前语言观的研究成果及现状做一个简单的综述;第三部分介绍20世纪罗素、威特根斯坦、海德格尔、索绪尔、布龙菲尔德、乔姆斯基等具有代表性的语言哲学家和语言学家的语言观;第四部分通过各种语言观的彼此互补和彼此修正的关系,把握语言观的横向发展特点;通过对语言观之间的批判、继承和超越关系的分析,发现语言观的纵向发展走向;在此基础之上,文章在第五章得出结论:就一般规律而言,共时研究和历时研究的结合使得20世纪的语言观发展更加科学、系统、深入。语言的取向为哲学的发展找到了全新的视角,而语言学的哲学高度让人们对语言观的认识更加全面、透彻、清晰。此外,在关于语言观的认识过程中,语言哲学和语言学之间关系紧密,语言哲学为语言学提供基本的研究方向和研究方法,而语言学也积极地影响了语言哲学的发展。

论文目录

  • 摘要
  • Abstract
  • Chapter 1 Introduction
  • 1.1 Background of the Research
  • 1.1.1 Rationalism vs Non-rationalism
  • 1.1.2 Creation vs Evolution Theories
  • 1.2 Significance of the Research
  • 1.3 Organization of the Thesis
  • Chapter 2 Literature Review
  • 2.1 Achievements of the Studies on NOL prior to the 20th Century
  • 2.2 Present Situation of the Studies of the 20th Century NOL
  • Chapter 3 Development of NOL in the First Half of the 20th Century
  • 3.1 Principal Philosophical NOL
  • 3.1.1 Russell's NOL
  • 3.1.2 L .Wittgenstein's NOL
  • 3.1.3 Martin Heidegger's NOL
  • 3.2 Leading Linguistic Schools
  • 3.2.1 Saussure's Synchronic NOL
  • 3.2.2 Bloomfield’s Synchronic and Diachronic NOL
  • 3.2.3 Chomsky’s Diachronic NOL
  • Chapter 4 Significance of the 20th Century NOL for the Development of Linguistics
  • 4.1 Significance of Principal Philosophical NOL
  • 4.1.1 Significance of Russell's NOL
  • 4.1.2 Significance of L .Wittgenstein's NOL
  • 4.1.3 Significance of Martin Heidegger's NOL
  • 4.2 Significance of Leading Linguistic Schools
  • 4.2.1 Significance of Saussure's Synchronic NOL
  • 4.2.2 Significance of Bloomfield’s Synchronic and Diachronic NOL
  • 4.2.3 Significance of Chomsky’s Diachronic NOL
  • Chapter 5 Conclusion
  • 5.1 Main Findings
  • 5.1.1 Comparison Between Linguistic NOL and Philosophical NO
  • 5.1.2 Contributions of Philosophical NOL to the Development of Linguistics
  • 5.1.3 Contributions of Linguistic NOL to the Development of Philosophical NOL
  • 5.2 Limitations of the Thesis
  • 5.3 Suggestions for Future Research
  • References
  • Acknowledgements
  • Paper Published during Study
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    西方现代语言观在二十世纪上半叶的发展 ——从语言哲学的视角
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