美军伊战传单的人际意义研究

论文摘要

20世纪以来,“兵不血刃”的心理战跃升为战争致胜的关键性因素,在实现国家战略目标的过程中发挥着极其重要的作用。作为心理战中应用最为广泛的印刷媒介,传单以文字和图像为攻心信息载体,通过认知操纵、情绪诱导、意志震慑等手段,对受众施加有目的、有计划的刺激和影响,从而达到改变其信念、情绪、态度和行为的效果,最终实现“不战而屈人之兵”。目前国内外对心理战传单的研究,大多着眼于军事心理学或大众传播学的视角,应用语言学的理论对其进行研究的则付之阙如。长期以来,美军一直将心理战传单视为对敌实施攻心夺气的主战武器,其传单文本的设计渗透着美军心理战专家的集体智慧和良苦用心。本文则试图运用系统功能语言学的理论,从语气和情态的角度对伊拉克战争中美军传单语言的人际意义进行分析,揭示美军宣传者如何运用语言手段来表明观点和态度,从而达到其宣传说服的目的。通过对美军传单语气和情态特点的统计与分析,本文认为,美军宣传者更显性以及更多地倾向于与受众(伊拉克军民)保持一种协商的态度和建立一种平等对话的关系,由此看出,美军宣传者致力于争取伊拉克的军心民意,以此孤立以萨达姆为首的伊拉克政权,从而达到其“倒萨”的目的。然而,美军宣传者虽采取了种种语言手段使论事留有余地,表现其平等、协商的态度,事实上却从未忽视自己的视角,常常暗示自己所主张的观点或者是不证自明的,或者是富有理性或人性的人一致同意的,等等。而这种最含蓄的、不动声色的、难以抗拒的权力,才是美军伊战传单中人际意义的本质所在。

论文目录

• 摘要
• Abstract
• Introduction
• 0.1 Motivations of the Thesis
• 0.2 Aims and Objectives
• 0.3 Data Collection and Methodology
• 0.4 Organization of the Thesis
• Chapter1 An Introduction to Psychological Warfare Leaflets
• 1.1 Definition
• 1.2 Categories of Psychological Warfare Leaflets
• 1.3 Features of Psychological Warfare Leaflets
• 1.4 Previous Studies on Psychological Warfare Leaflets
• 1.4.1 Abroad
• 1.4.2 At Home
• 1.4.3 A Critical View of the Previous Studies
• Chapter 2 Interpersonal Meaning Realized by Mood in Psychological Warfare Leaflets
• 2.1 A Theoretical Survey of Mood
• 2.1.1 Mood Element
• 2.1.2 Speech Functions and Mood Types
• 2.2 Statistical Analysis of Mood Types in Leaflet Samples
• 2.3 Sample Analysis: Interpersonal Functions Realized by Mood in Leaflet Samples
• 2.3.1 Giving Information
• 2.3.2 Soliciting for Attention and Engagement
• 2.3.3 Demanding Action
• 2.4 Summary
• Chapter 3 Interpersonal Meaning Realized by Modality in Psychological Warfare Leaflets
• 3.1 A Theoretical Survey of Modality
• 3.1.1 Modality in Functional Grammar
• 3.1.2 Linguistic Expressions of Modality
• 3.2 Statistical Analysis of Modal Expressions in Leaflet Samples in terms of Scale, Value and Orientation Respectively
• 3.3 Sample Analysis
• 3.3.1 Modal Auxiliaries
• 3.3.2 Modal Lexical Verbs
• 3.4 Summary
• Conclusion
• Notes
• References
• Acknowledgements
• Appendix
• Informative Chinese Abstract
• Résuméand Publications since Entering the Program